Lehrinhalte
The lecture covers topics in materials optics and gives an overview on how to use light in order to characterize materials. Conventional light microscopy methods are discussed with respect to their applications in (bio)materials science. Theoretical and practical aspects of modern super-resolution techniques are discussed.
Electromagnetic Waves at interfaces
Electromagnetic waves
Reflection and transmission: External reflection
Reflection and transmission: Internal reflection
Reflection and transmission: Frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR)
Reflection and transmission: Total internal reflection microscopy
Electromagnetic properties of materials
The dielectric response
The Lorentz model of dielectrics
Drudes model for metals
Birefringence
Optical Anisotropy
Anisotropic dispersion
Uniaxial Materials
Biaxial and other Materials
Optical Activity, Electro Optics, and Magneto Optics
Optical activity
Electro-Optics
Magneto-Optic Effects
Paraxial Optics: Thin Lenses, Thick Lenses, and ABCD Formalism
Curved mirrors
Thin Lenses
Thick Lenses
ABCD Matrices
Optical aberrations and stops
Aberrations
Stops in Optical Systems
Optical devices
Widefield Microscopy
The compound microscope
Resolution
Bright field microscopy
Dark field
Phase contrast
Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)
Polarisation microscopy
Fluorescence microscopy
Confocal Microscopy
The confocal principle
Scanning
The pinhole
Airy Scanning
Super resolution microscopy Beating Abbes limit
3-D methods based on nonlinear optical phenomena
Common ideas
2-photon excitation
Second harmonic generation
4Pi-microscopy: Looking at the specimen from both sides
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM)
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy
Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) or (fluorescence) photoactivation localization microscopy ((F)PALM)
Scanning nearfield optical microscopy (SNOM/NSOM)
The basic idea
Near field probes
Aperture SNOM
Scattering SNOM (s-SNOM)
Raman Microscopy
Raman Scattering
Raman microscopy
Symmetry of moleculatr vibrations
Symmetry of phonon modes
If time permits:
Light Sources, Lasers and Coherence
Literature
Eugene Hecht, Optics, Pearson, 5th Ed 2017
John Ferraro et al., Introductory Raman Spectroscopy, Academic Press, 2nd Ed. 2003
Jerome Mertz, Introduction to Optical Microscopy, Roberts and Co., 2009
Jörg Haus, Optische Mikroskopie: Funktionsweise und Kontrastierverfahren, Wiley-VCH 2014
Further Grading Information
Outcomes
Students understand the interaction of electromagnetic waves with ordered materials, in particular with non-isotropic materials in terms of polarization, electro- and magneto optics, optical activity and photon-phonon interaction. The student is able to design a simple optical device in order to perform optical measurements on materials, in terms of defining position and quality of lenses, filters, stops, mirrors, light sources and detectors. The student is able to handle a light microscope in order to achieve a homogenously exposed image with high contrast of typical specimen in (bio)materials science. The student understands the reason for Abbes resolution limit and knows how this limitation can be overcome in specific cases. The student is able to choose the appropriate super-resolution technique for a specific problem in (bio)materials science.
The lecture covers topics in materials optics and gives an overview on how to use light in order to characterize materials. Conventional light microscopy methods are discussed with respect to their applications in (bio)materials science. Theoretical and practical aspects of modern super-resolution techniques are discussed.
Electromagnetic Waves at interfaces
Electromagnetic waves
Reflection and transmission: External reflection
Reflection and transmission: Internal reflection
Reflection and transmission: Frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR)
Reflection and transmission: Total internal reflection microscopy
Electromagnetic properties of materials
The dielectric response
The Lorentz model of dielectrics
Drudes model for metals
Birefringence
Optical Anisotropy
Anisotropic dispersion
Uniaxial Materials
Biaxial and other Materials
Optical Activity, Electro Optics, and Magneto Optics
Optical activity
Electro-Optics
Magneto-Optic Effects
Paraxial Optics: Thin Lenses, Thick Lenses, and ABCD Formalism
Curved mirrors
Thin Lenses
Thick Lenses
ABCD Matrices
Optical aberrations and stops
Aberrations
Stops in Optical Systems
Optical devices
Widefield Microscopy
The compound microscope
Resolution
Bright field microscopy
Dark field
Phase contrast
Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)
Polarisation microscopy
Fluorescence microscopy
Confocal Microscopy
The confocal principle
Scanning
The pinhole
Airy Scanning
Super resolution microscopy Beating Abbes limit
3-D methods based on nonlinear optical phenomena
Common ideas
2-photon excitation
Second harmonic generation
4Pi-microscopy: Looking at the specimen from both sides
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM)
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy
Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) or (fluorescence) photoactivation localization microscopy ((F)PALM)
Scanning nearfield optical microscopy (SNOM/NSOM)
The basic idea
Near field probes
Aperture SNOM
Scattering SNOM (s-SNOM)
Raman Microscopy
Raman Scattering
Raman microscopy
Symmetry of moleculatr vibrations
Symmetry of phonon modes
If time permits:
Light Sources, Lasers and Coherence
Literature
Eugene Hecht, Optics, Pearson, 5th Ed 2017
John Ferraro et al., Introductory Raman Spectroscopy, Academic Press, 2nd Ed. 2003
Jerome Mertz, Introduction to Optical Microscopy, Roberts and Co., 2009
Jörg Haus, Optische Mikroskopie: Funktionsweise und Kontrastierverfahren, Wiley-VCH 2014
Further Grading Information
Outcomes
Students understand the interaction of electromagnetic waves with ordered materials, in particular with non-isotropic materials in terms of polarization, electro- and magneto optics, optical activity and photon-phonon interaction. The student is able to design a simple optical device in order to perform optical measurements on materials, in terms of defining position and quality of lenses, filters, stops, mirrors, light sources and detectors. The student is able to handle a light microscope in order to achieve a homogenously exposed image with high contrast of typical specimen in (bio)materials science. The student understands the reason for Abbes resolution limit and knows how this limitation can be overcome in specific cases. The student is able to choose the appropriate super-resolution technique for a specific problem in (bio)materials science.
- Lehrende: Robert Stark
Semester: Verão 2021